Hinzufügen einer Spalte mit einem Standardwert zu einer vorhandenen Tabelle in SQL Server

Question

Wie kann ich eine Spalte mit einem Standardwert zu einer bestehenden Tabelle in SQL-Server 2000 / SQL Server 2005 ?

Answer 1

In SQL Server können Sie die folgende Vorlage verwenden:

ALTER TABLE {tablename}
ADD 
    {columnname} {datatype} DEFAULT {default_value}

Um zum Beispiel eine neue Spalte [Spalte1] vom Datentyp int mit dem Standardwert = 1 in eine bestehende Tabelle [Tabelle1] einfügen, können Sie die folgende Abfrage verwenden:

ALTER TABLE [Table1]
ADD 
    [Column1] INT DEFAULT 1

Answer 2

ALTER Tabelle dataset.tabellenname ADD spalte_aktuell_ind ganzzahlig DEFAULT 0

Answer 3

SYNTAX:

ALTER TABLE {TABLENAME} 
ADD {COLUMNNAME} {TYPE} {NULL|NOT NULL} 
CONSTRAINT {CONSTRAINT_NAME} DEFAULT {DEFAULT_VALUE}
WITH VALUES

BEISPIEL:

ALTER TABLE Admin_Master 
ADD Can_View_Password  BIT NULL 
CONSTRAINT DF_Admin_Master_Can_View_Password DEFAULT (1)
WITH VALUES

Answer 4

Syntax

ALTER TABLE tbl_name
    [alter_option [, alter_option] ...]
    [partition_options]

alter_option: {
    table_options
  | ADD [COLUMN] col_name column_definition
        [FIRST | AFTER col_name]
  | ADD [COLUMN] (col_name column_definition,...)
  | ADD {INDEX | KEY} [index_name]
        [index_type] (key_part,...) [index_option] ...
  | ADD {FULLTEXT | SPATIAL} [INDEX | KEY] [index_name]
        (key_part,...) [index_option] ...
  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY
        [index_type] (key_part,...)
        [index_option] ...
  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX | KEY]
        [index_name] [index_type] (key_part,...)
        [index_option] ...
  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY
        [index_name] (col_name,...)
        reference_definition
  | ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] CHECK (expr) [[NOT] ENFORCED]
  | DROP {CHECK | CONSTRAINT} symbol
  | ALTER {CHECK | CONSTRAINT} symbol [NOT] ENFORCED
  | ALGORITHM [=] {DEFAULT | INSTANT | INPLACE | COPY}
  | ALTER [COLUMN] col_name {
        SET DEFAULT {literal | (expr)}
      | SET {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE}
      | DROP DEFAULT
    }
  | ALTER INDEX index_name {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE}
  | CHANGE [COLUMN] old_col_name new_col_name column_definition
        [FIRST | AFTER col_name]
  | [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name [COLLATE [=] collation_name]
  | CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET charset_name [COLLATE collation_name]
  | {DISABLE | ENABLE} KEYS
  | {DISCARD | IMPORT} TABLESPACE
  | DROP [COLUMN] col_name
  | DROP {INDEX | KEY} index_name
  | DROP PRIMARY KEY
  | DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_symbol
  | FORCE
  | LOCK [=] {DEFAULT | NONE | SHARED | EXCLUSIVE}
  | MODIFY [COLUMN] col_name column_definition
        [FIRST | AFTER col_name]
  | ORDER BY col_name [, col_name] ...
  | RENAME COLUMN old_col_name TO new_col_name
  | RENAME {INDEX | KEY} old_index_name TO new_index_name
  | RENAME [TO | AS] new_tbl_name
  | {WITHOUT | WITH} VALIDATION
}

partition_options:
    partition_option [partition_option] ...

partition_option: {
    ADD PARTITION (partition_definition)
  | DROP PARTITION partition_names
  | DISCARD PARTITION {partition_names | ALL} TABLESPACE
  | IMPORT PARTITION {partition_names | ALL} TABLESPACE
  | TRUNCATE PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}
  | COALESCE PARTITION number
  | REORGANIZE PARTITION partition_names INTO (partition_definitions)
  | EXCHANGE PARTITION partition_name WITH TABLE tbl_name [{WITH | WITHOUT} VALIDATION]
  | ANALYZE PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}
  | CHECK PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}
  | OPTIMIZE PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}
  | REBUILD PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}
  | REPAIR PARTITION {partition_names | ALL}
  | REMOVE PARTITIONING
}

key_part: {col_name [(length)] | (expr)} [ASC | DESC]

index_type:
    USING {BTREE | HASH}

index_option: {
    KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value
  | index_type
  | WITH PARSER parser_name
  | COMMENT 'string'
  | {VISIBLE | INVISIBLE}
}

table_options:
    table_option [[,] table_option] ...

table_option: {
    AUTOEXTEND_SIZE [=] value
  | AUTO_INCREMENT [=] value
  | AVG_ROW_LENGTH [=] value
  | [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
  | CHECKSUM [=] {0 | 1}
  | [DEFAULT] COLLATE [=] collation_name
  | COMMENT [=] 'string'
  | COMPRESSION [=] {'ZLIB' | 'LZ4' | 'NONE'}
  | CONNECTION [=] 'connect_string'
  | {DATA | INDEX} DIRECTORY [=] 'absolute path to directory'
  | DELAY_KEY_WRITE [=] {0 | 1}
  | ENCRYPTION [=] {'Y' | 'N'}
  | ENGINE [=] engine_name
  | ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE [=] 'string'
  | INSERT_METHOD [=] { NO | FIRST | LAST }
  | KEY_BLOCK_SIZE [=] value
  | MAX_ROWS [=] value
  | MIN_ROWS [=] value
  | PACK_KEYS [=] {0 | 1 | DEFAULT}
  | PASSWORD [=] 'string'
  | ROW_FORMAT [=] {DEFAULT | DYNAMIC | FIXED | COMPRESSED | REDUNDANT | COMPACT}
  | SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE [=] 'string'
  | STATS_AUTO_RECALC [=] {DEFAULT | 0 | 1}
  | STATS_PERSISTENT [=] {DEFAULT | 0 | 1}
  | STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES [=] value
  | TABLESPACE tablespace_name [STORAGE {DISK | MEMORY}]
  | UNION [=] (tbl_name[,tbl_name]...)
}

partition_options:
    (see CREATE TABLE options)

MySQL 8.0 Handbuch (ALTER TABLE) : https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/alter-table.html

ALTER TABLE ADD ColumnName {Column_Type} Constraint

Für mehrere Spalten

ALTER TABLE table_1 ADD col_1 int NOT NULL DEFAULT (1), col_2 int NULL

ALTER TABLE {TABLENAME} 
ADD {COLUMNNAME} {TYPE} {NULL|NOT NULL} 
CONSTRAINT {CONSTRAINT_NAME} DEFAULT {DEFAULT_VALUE}
WITH VALUES

ANMERKUNG :

Optionaler Name des Constraints:

Wenn Sie CONSTRAINT D_SomeTable_SomeCol weglassen, erzeugt SQL Server automatisch. ein Standard-Passwort mit einem lustigen Namen wie: DF__SomeTa__SomeC__4FB7FEF6 Optionale Anweisung mit Werten: WITH VALUES ist nur notwendig, wenn Ihre Spalte nullbar ist. und Sie möchten, dass der Standardwert für bestehende Datensätze verwendet wird. Wenn Ihre Spalte NOT NULL ist, wird automatisch der Standardwert für alle vorhandenen Datensätze verwendet. für alle vorhandenen Datensätze, unabhängig davon, ob Sie WITH VALUES angeben oder nicht.