Wie ist es möglich, die Windows-Registrierung mit Java zu lesen/schreiben?
Antworten
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Boann
Punkte
46908
Dies verwendet dieselben internen Java-APIs wie in in Davids Antwort aber ich habe es komplett umgeschrieben. Er ist jetzt kürzer und angenehmer zu benutzen. Ich habe auch Unterstützung für HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT und andere Hives hinzugefügt. Es hat allerdings immer noch einige der anderen Einschränkungen (z. B. keine DWORD-Unterstützung und keine Unicode-Unterstützung), die auf die zugrunde liegende API zurückzuführen und bei diesem Ansatz leider unvermeidbar sind. Dennoch ist es praktisch, wenn Sie nur grundlegende Zeichenfolgen lesen/schreiben müssen und keine native DLL laden wollen.
Ich bin sicher, dass Sie herausfinden können, wie man es benutzt.
Öffentlicher Bereich. Viel Spaß!
import java.util.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/**
* Simple registry access class implemented using some private APIs
* in java.util.prefs. It has no other prerequisites.
*/
public final class WindowsRegistry {
/**
* Tells if the Windows registry functions are available.
* (They will not be available when not running on Windows, for example.)
*/
public static boolean isAvailable() {
return initError == null;
}
/** Reads a string value from the given key and value name. */
public static String readValue(String keyName, String valueName) {
try (Key key = Key.open(keyName, KEY_READ)) {
return fromByteArray(invoke(regQueryValueEx, key.handle, toByteArray(valueName)));
}
}
/** Returns a map of all the name-value pairs in the given key. */
public static Map<String,String> readValues(String keyName) {
try (Key key = Key.open(keyName, KEY_READ)) {
int[] info = invoke(regQueryInfoKey, key.handle);
checkError(info[INFO_ERROR_CODE]);
int count = info[INFO_COUNT_VALUES];
int maxlen = info[INFO_MAX_VALUE_LENGTH] + 1;
Map<String,String> values = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
String valueName = fromByteArray(invoke(regEnumValue, key.handle, i, maxlen));
values.put(valueName, readValue(keyName, valueName));
}
return values;
}
}
/** Returns a list of the names of all the subkeys of a key. */
public static List<String> readSubkeys(String keyName) {
try (Key key = Key.open(keyName, KEY_READ)) {
int[] info = invoke(regQueryInfoKey, key.handle);
checkError(info[INFO_ERROR_CODE]);
int count = info[INFO_COUNT_KEYS];
int maxlen = info[INFO_MAX_KEY_LENGTH] + 1;
List<String> subkeys = new ArrayList<>(count);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
subkeys.add(fromByteArray(invoke(regEnumKeyEx, key.handle, i, maxlen)));
}
return subkeys;
}
}
/** Writes a string value with a given key and value name. */
public static void writeValue(String keyName, String valueName, String value) {
try (Key key = Key.open(keyName, KEY_WRITE)) {
checkError(invoke(regSetValueEx, key.handle, toByteArray(valueName), toByteArray(value)));
}
}
/** Deletes a value within a key. */
public static void deleteValue(String keyName, String valueName) {
try (Key key = Key.open(keyName, KEY_WRITE)) {
checkError(invoke(regDeleteValue, key.handle, toByteArray(valueName)));
}
}
/**
* Deletes a key and all values within it. If the key has subkeys, an
* "Access denied" error will be thrown. Subkeys must be deleted separately.
*/
public static void deleteKey(String keyName) {
checkError(invoke(regDeleteKey, keyParts(keyName)));
}
/**
* Creates a key. Parent keys in the path will also be created if necessary.
* This method returns without error if the key already exists.
*/
public static void createKey(String keyName) {
int[] info = invoke(regCreateKeyEx, keyParts(keyName));
checkError(info[INFO_ERROR_CODE]);
invoke(regCloseKey, info[INFO_HANDLE]);
}
/**
* The exception type that will be thrown if a registry operation fails.
*/
public static class RegError extends RuntimeException {
public RegError(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}
}
// *************
// PRIVATE STUFF
// *************
private WindowsRegistry() {}
// Map of registry hive names to constants from winreg.h
private static final Map<String,Integer> hives = new HashMap<>();
static {
hives.put("HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT", 0x80000000); hives.put("HKCR", 0x80000000);
hives.put("HKEY_CURRENT_USER", 0x80000001); hives.put("HKCU", 0x80000001);
hives.put("HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE", 0x80000002); hives.put("HKLM", 0x80000002);
hives.put("HKEY_USERS", 0x80000003); hives.put("HKU", 0x80000003);
hives.put("HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG", 0x80000005); hives.put("HKCC", 0x80000005);
}
// Splits a path such as HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft into a pair of
// values used by the underlying API: An integer hive constant and a byte array
// of the key path within that hive.
private static Object[] keyParts(String fullKeyName) {
int x = fullKeyName.indexOf('\\');
String hiveName = x >= 0 ? fullKeyName.substring(0, x) : fullKeyName;
String keyName = x >= 0 ? fullKeyName.substring(x + 1) : "";
Integer hkey = hives.get(hiveName);
if (hkey == null) throw new RegError("Unknown registry hive: " + hiveName, null);
return new Object[] { hkey, toByteArray(keyName) };
}
// Type encapsulating a native handle to a registry key
private static class Key implements AutoCloseable {
final int handle;
private Key(int handle) {
this.handle = handle;
}
static Key open(String keyName, int accessMode) {
Object[] keyParts = keyParts(keyName);
int[] ret = invoke(regOpenKey, keyParts[0], keyParts[1], accessMode);
checkError(ret[INFO_ERROR_CODE]);
return new Key(ret[INFO_HANDLE]);
}
@Override
public void close() {
invoke(regCloseKey, handle);
}
}
// Array index constants for results of regOpenKey, regCreateKeyEx, and regQueryInfoKey
private static final int
INFO_HANDLE = 0,
INFO_COUNT_KEYS = 0,
INFO_ERROR_CODE = 1,
INFO_COUNT_VALUES = 2,
INFO_MAX_KEY_LENGTH = 3,
INFO_MAX_VALUE_LENGTH = 4;
// Registry access mode constants from winnt.h
private static final int
KEY_READ = 0x20019,
KEY_WRITE = 0x20006;
// Error constants from winerror.h
private static final int
ERROR_SUCCESS = 0,
ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND = 2,
ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED = 5;
private static void checkError(int e) {
if (e == ERROR_SUCCESS) return;
throw new RegError(
e == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND ? "Key not found" :
e == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED ? "Access denied" :
("Error number " + e), null);
}
// Registry access methods in java.util.prefs.WindowsPreferences
private static final Method
regOpenKey = getMethod("WindowsRegOpenKey", int.class, byte[].class, int.class),
regCloseKey = getMethod("WindowsRegCloseKey", int.class),
regQueryValueEx = getMethod("WindowsRegQueryValueEx", int.class, byte[].class),
regQueryInfoKey = getMethod("WindowsRegQueryInfoKey", int.class),
regEnumValue = getMethod("WindowsRegEnumValue", int.class, int.class, int.class),
regEnumKeyEx = getMethod("WindowsRegEnumKeyEx", int.class, int.class, int.class),
regSetValueEx = getMethod("WindowsRegSetValueEx", int.class, byte[].class, byte[].class),
regDeleteValue = getMethod("WindowsRegDeleteValue", int.class, byte[].class),
regDeleteKey = getMethod("WindowsRegDeleteKey", int.class, byte[].class),
regCreateKeyEx = getMethod("WindowsRegCreateKeyEx", int.class, byte[].class);
private static Throwable initError;
private static Method getMethod(String methodName, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
try {
Method m = java.util.prefs.Preferences.systemRoot().getClass()
.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
m.setAccessible(true);
return m;
} catch (Throwable t) {
initError = t;
return null;
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private static <T> T invoke(Method method, Object... args) {
if (initError != null)
throw new RegError("Registry methods are not available", initError);
try {
return (T)method.invoke(null, args);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RegError(null, e);
}
}
// Conversion of strings to/from null-terminated byte arrays.
// There is no support for Unicode; sorry, this is a limitation
// of the underlying methods that Java makes available.
private static byte[] toByteArray(String str) {
byte[] bytes = new byte[str.length() + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
bytes[i] = (byte)str.charAt(i);
return bytes;
}
private static String fromByteArray(byte[] bytes) {
if (bytes == null) return null;
char[] chars = new char[bytes.length - 1];
for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++)
chars[i] = (char)((int)bytes[i] & 0xFF);
return new String(chars);
}
}Eines Tages wird Java über eine eingebaute Schnittstelle für fremde Funktionen für den einfachen Zugang zu nativen APIs, und diese Art von Hack wird unnötig sein.
Ernestas Gruodis
Punkte
7999
Als Antwort auf David Antwort - Ich würde einige Verbesserungen vornehmen:
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.prefs.Preferences;
public class WinRegistry {
public static final int HKEY_CURRENT_USER = 0x80000001,
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE = 0x80000002,
REG_SUCCESS = 0,
REG_NOTFOUND = 2,
REG_ACCESSDENIED = 5,
KEY_ALL_ACCESS = 0xf003f,
KEY_READ = 0x20019;
private static final Preferences userRoot = Preferences.userRoot(),
systemRoot = Preferences.systemRoot();
private static final Class<? extends Preferences> userClass = userRoot.getClass();
private static Method regOpenKey,
regCloseKey,
regQueryValueEx,
regEnumValue,
regQueryInfoKey,
regEnumKeyEx,
regCreateKeyEx,
regSetValueEx,
regDeleteKey,
regDeleteValue;
static {
try {
(regOpenKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegOpenKey", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class, int.class})).setAccessible(true);
(regCloseKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegCloseKey", new Class[]{int.class})).setAccessible(true);
(regQueryValueEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegQueryValueEx", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
(regEnumValue = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegEnumValue", new Class[]{int.class, int.class, int.class})).setAccessible(true);
(regQueryInfoKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegQueryInfoKey1", new Class[]{int.class})).setAccessible(true);
(regEnumKeyEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegEnumKeyEx", new Class[]{int.class, int.class, int.class})).setAccessible(true);
(regCreateKeyEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegCreateKeyEx", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
(regSetValueEx = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegSetValueEx", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
(regDeleteValue = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegDeleteValue", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
(regDeleteKey = userClass.getDeclaredMethod("WindowsRegDeleteKey", new Class[]{int.class, byte[].class})).setAccessible(true);
} catch (NoSuchMethodException | SecurityException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(WinRegistry.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
/**
* Read a value from key and value name
*
* @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
* @param key
* @param valueName
* @return the value
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
*/
public static String readString(int hkey, String key, String valueName) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
switch (hkey) {
case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
return readString(systemRoot, hkey, key, valueName);
case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
return readString(userRoot, hkey, key, valueName);
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
}
}
/**
* Read value(s) and value name(s) form given key
*
* @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
* @param key
* @return the value name(s) plus the value(s)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
*/
public static Map<String, String> readStringValues(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
switch (hkey) {
case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
return readStringValues(systemRoot, hkey, key);
case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
return readStringValues(userRoot, hkey, key);
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
}
}
/**
* Read the value name(s) from a given key
*
* @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
* @param key
* @return the value name(s)
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
*/
public static List<String> readStringSubKeys(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
switch (hkey) {
case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
return readStringSubKeys(systemRoot, hkey, key);
case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
return readStringSubKeys(userRoot, hkey, key);
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
}
}
/**
* Create a key
*
* @param hkey HKEY_CURRENT_USER/HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
* @param key
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
*/
public static void createKey(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
int[] ret;
switch (hkey) {
case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
ret = createKey(systemRoot, hkey, key);
regCloseKey.invoke(systemRoot, new Object[]{ret[0]});
break;
case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
ret = createKey(userRoot, hkey, key);
regCloseKey.invoke(userRoot, new Object[]{ret[0]});
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
}
if (ret[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("rc=" + ret[1] + " key=" + key);
}
}
/**
* Write a value in a given key/value name
*
* @param hkey
* @param key
* @param valueName
* @param value
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
*/
public static void writeStringValue(int hkey, String key, String valueName, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
switch (hkey) {
case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
writeStringValue(systemRoot, hkey, key, valueName, value);
break;
case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
writeStringValue(userRoot, hkey, key, valueName, value);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("hkey=" + hkey);
}
}
/**
* Delete a given key
*
* @param hkey
* @param key
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
*/
public static void deleteKey(int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
int rc = -1;
switch (hkey) {
case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
rc = deleteKey(systemRoot, hkey, key);
break;
case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
rc = deleteKey(userRoot, hkey, key);
}
if (rc != REG_SUCCESS) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("rc=" + rc + " key=" + key);
}
}
/**
* delete a value from a given key/value name
*
* @param hkey
* @param key
* @param value
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
*/
public static void deleteValue(int hkey, String key, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
int rc = -1;
switch (hkey) {
case HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE:
rc = deleteValue(systemRoot, hkey, key, value);
break;
case HKEY_CURRENT_USER:
rc = deleteValue(userRoot, hkey, key, value);
}
if (rc != REG_SUCCESS) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("rc=" + rc + " key=" + key + " value=" + value);
}
}
private static int deleteValue(Preferences root, int hkey, String key, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_ALL_ACCESS});
if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
return handles[1];//Can be REG_NOTFOUND, REG_ACCESSDENIED
}
int rc = ((Integer) regDeleteValue.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], toCstr(value)}));
regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
return rc;
}
private static int deleteKey(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
int rc = ((Integer) regDeleteKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key)}));
return rc; //Can be REG_NOTFOUND, REG_ACCESSDENIED, REG_SUCCESS
}
private static String readString(Preferences root, int hkey, String key, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_READ});
if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
return null;
}
byte[] valb = (byte[]) regQueryValueEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], toCstr(value)});
regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
return (valb != null ? new String(valb).trim() : null);
}
private static Map<String, String> readStringValues(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
HashMap<String, String> results = new HashMap<>();
int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_READ});
if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
return null;
}
int[] info = (int[]) regQueryInfoKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
int count = info[0]; //Count
int maxlen = info[3]; //Max value length
for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
byte[] name = (byte[]) regEnumValue.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], index, maxlen + 1});
String value = readString(hkey, key, new String(name));
results.put(new String(name).trim(), value);
}
regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
return results;
}
private static List<String> readStringSubKeys(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
List<String> results = new ArrayList<>();
int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_READ});
if (handles[1] != REG_SUCCESS) {
return null;
}
int[] info = (int[]) regQueryInfoKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
int count = info[0];//Count
int maxlen = info[3]; //Max value length
for (int index = 0; index < count; index++) {
byte[] name = (byte[]) regEnumKeyEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], index, maxlen + 1});
results.add(new String(name).trim());
}
regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
return results;
}
private static int[] createKey(Preferences root, int hkey, String key) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
return (int[]) regCreateKeyEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key)});
}
private static void writeStringValue(Preferences root, int hkey, String key, String valueName, String value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {
int[] handles = (int[]) regOpenKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{hkey, toCstr(key), KEY_ALL_ACCESS});
regSetValueEx.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0], toCstr(valueName), toCstr(value)});
regCloseKey.invoke(root, new Object[]{handles[0]});
}
private static byte[] toCstr(String str) {
byte[] result = new byte[str.length() + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
result[i] = (byte) str.charAt(i);
}
result[str.length()] = 0;
return result;
}
}
Palak Nagar
Punkte
52
Sie können diesen "REG QUERY"-Befehl ausführen mit java Code.
Versuchen Sie, dies über die Eingabeaufforderung auszuführen und führen Sie den Befehl über den Java-Code aus.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE "SOFTWARE \Microsoft\Windows NT \CurrentVersion "
Um Details wie Produktname, Version usw. zu suchen, verwenden Sie /v und "Name".
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE "SOFTWARE \Microsoft\Windows NT \CurrentVersion " /v "Produktname"
Vishal
Punkte
2681
Ich bevorzuge die Verwendung von java.util.prefs.Preferences Klasse.
Ein einfaches Beispiel wäre
// Write Operation
Preferences p = Preferences.userRoot();
p.put("key","value");
// also there are various other methods such as putByteArray(), putDouble() etc.
p.flush();
//Read Operation
Preferences p = Preferences.userRoot();
String value = p.get("key");- See previous answers
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