Wie kann man eine Liste schöner drucken?

Question

Dies ist vergleichbar mit Wie man eine Liste in Python "schön" ausdruckt aber ich würde die Liste gerne noch schöner ausdrucken - ohne die Klammern, Apostrophe und Kommas, und noch besser in Spalten.

foolist = ['exiv2-devel', 'mingw-libs', 'tcltk-demos', 'fcgi', 'netcdf', 
    'pdcurses-devel',     'msvcrt', 'gdal-grass', 'iconv', 'qgis-devel', 
    'qgis1.1', 'php_mapscript']

evenNicerPrint(foolist)

Erwünschtes Ergebnis:

exiv2-devel       msvcrt        
mingw-libs        gdal-grass    
tcltk-demos       iconv         
fcgi              qgis-devel    
netcdf            qgis1.1       
pdcurses-devel    php_mapscript 

Danke!

Answer 1

[print('{:20}'.format(key), end='\t') if (idx + 1) % 5 else print(key, end='\n') for idx, key in enumerate(list_variable)]

ou

for idx, key in enumerate(list_variable):
    if (idx + 1) % 5:
        print('{:20}'.format(key), end='\t')
    else:
        print(key, end='\n')

Answer 2

Ich verlängere eine n Säulenlösung zu @Aman Antwort

def printMultiCol(l, n_cols, buffer_len=5):
    """formats a list of strings, l, into n_cols with a separation of buffer_len"""
    if not l: return [] # return if not iterable!
    max_l = max(map(len, l))
    formatter = '{{:<{max_l}}}'.format(max_l=max_l+buffer_len)*n_cols
    zip_me_up = [l[i::n_cols] for i in xrange(n_cols)]
    max_zip_l = max(map(len, zip_me_up))
    zip_me_up = map(lambda x: x + ['']*(max_zip_l-len(x)), zip_me_up)
    return [formatter.format(*undress_me) for undress_me in zip(*zip_me_up)]

Prüfung

Den Test mit zufälligen Zeichenfolgenlängen einrichten

import random
list_length = 16
random_strings = [
    ''.join(random.choice('spameggsbaconbeanssausage') 
    for x in range(random.randint(1,10)))
    for i in xrange(list_length)
]

print 'for 4 columns (equal length cols) ...\n{}'.format(
    '\n'.join(printMultiCol(random_strings, 4))
)
print 'for 7 columns (odd length cols) ...\n{}'.format(
    '\n'.join(printMultiCol(random_strings, 5))
)

die zurückgibt

## -- End pasted text --
for 4 columns (equal length cols) ...
sgsebpasgm     assgaesse      ossmeagan      ebesnagec
mees           eeges          m              gcb
sm             pbe            bbgaa          ganopabnn
bmou           asbegu         a              psoge

for 7 columns (odd length cols) ...
sgsebpasgm     assgaesse      ossmeagan      ebesnagec      mees
eeges          m              gcb            sm             pbe
bbgaa          ganopabnn      bmou           asbegu         a
psoge

Answer 3

Hier ist meine Lösung. ( Kopie in GitHub gist )

Es nimmt die Breite des Terminals als Eingabe und zeigt nur so viele Spalten an, wie darin Platz finden.

def col_print(lines, term_width=80, indent=0, pad=2):
  n_lines = len(lines)
  if n_lines == 0:
    return

  col_width = max(len(line) for line in lines)
  n_cols = int((term_width + pad - indent)/(col_width + pad))
  n_cols = min(n_lines, max(1, n_cols))

  col_len = int(n_lines/n_cols) + (0 if n_lines % n_cols == 0 else 1)
  if (n_cols - 1) * col_len >= n_lines:
    n_cols -= 1

  cols = [lines[i*col_len : i*col_len + col_len] for i in range(n_cols)]

  rows = list(zip(*cols))
  rows_missed = zip(*[col[len(rows):] for col in cols[:-1]])
  rows.extend(rows_missed)

  for row in rows:
    print(" "*indent + (" "*pad).join(line.ljust(col_width) for line in row))

Answer 4

Es ist nützlich, um ungerade Spalten zu berücksichtigen, ohne dass man im Voraus wissen muss, wie viele Spalten man unterbringen kann:

>>> words = [string.ascii_lowercase] + list(string.ascii_lowercase)
>>> print format_list(words)
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz  b  d  f  h  j  l  n  p  r  t  v  x  z
a                           c  e  g  i  k  m  o  q  s  u  w  y

Für Ihr Beispiel:

>>> foolist = ['exiv2-devel', 'mingw-libs', 'tcltk-demos', 'fcgi',
... 'netcdf', 'pdcurses-devel', 'msvcrt', 'gdal-grass', 'iconv',
... 'qgis-devel', 'qgis1.1', 'php_mapscript']
>>> print format_list(foolist, spacing=4, width=31)
exiv2-devel       msvcrt
mingw-libs        gdal-grass
tcltk-demos       iconv
fcgi              qgis-devel
netcdf            qgis1.1
pdcurses-devel    php_mapscript

Hier ist der Code. Beachten Sie, dass er auch Wörter mit ANSI-Farbcodes (z. B. aus dem colorama-Paket) verarbeitet - sie bringen die Spaltenbreiten nicht durcheinander.

ansi_pattern = re.compile(r'\x1b\[\d{1,2}m')

def get_nchars(string):
    """Return number of characters, omitting ANSI codes."""
    return len(ansi_pattern.sub('', string))

def format_list(items, indent=0, spacing=2, width=79):
    """Return string listing items along columns.

    items : sequence
        List of items to display that must be directly convertible into
        unicode strings. ANSI color codes may be present, and are taken
        into account in determining column widths
    indent : int
        Number of spaces in left margin.
    spacing : int
        Number of spaces between columns.
    width : int
        Maximum number of characters per line, including indentation.
    """
    if not items:
        return u''
    # Ensure all items are strings
    items = [unicode(item) for item in items]
    # Estimate number of columns based on shortest and longest items
    minlen = min(get_nchars(item) for item in items)
    maxlen = max(get_nchars(item) for item in items)
    # Assume one column with longest width, remaining with shortest.
    # Use negative numbers for ceiling division.
    ncols = 1 - (-(width - indent - maxlen) // (spacing + min(1, minlen)))
    ncols = max(1, min(len(items), ncols))

    # Reduce number of columns until items fit (or only one column)
    while ncols >= 1:
        # Determine number of rows by ceiling division
        nrows = -(-len(items) // ncols)
        # Readjust to avoid empty last column
        ncols = -(-len(items) // nrows)
        # Split items into columns, and test width
        columns = [items[i*nrows:(i+1)*nrows] for i in range(ncols)]
        totalwidth = indent - spacing + sum(
            spacing + max(get_nchars(item) for item in column)
            for column in columns
            )
        # Stop if columns fit. Otherwise, reduce number of columns and
        # try again.
        if totalwidth <= width:
            break
        else:
            ncols -= 1

    # Pad all items to column width
    for i, column in enumerate(columns):
        colwidth = max(get_nchars(item) for item in column)
        columns[i] = [
            item + ' ' * (colwidth - get_nchars(item))
            for item in column
            ]

    # Transpose into rows, and return joined rows
    rows = list(itertools.izip_longest(*columns, fillvalue=''))
    return '\n'.join(
        ' ' * indent + (u' ' * spacing).join(row).rstrip()
        for row in rows
        )

Answer 5

Hier ist eine Lösung in Python 3.4, die automatisch die Terminalbreite erkennt und berücksichtigt. Getestet auf Linux und Mac.

def column_print(list_to_print, column_width=40):
    import os
    term_height, term_width = os.popen('stty size', 'r').read().split()
    total_columns = int(term_width) // column_width
    total_rows = len(list_to_print) // total_columns
    # ceil
    total_rows = total_rows + 1 if len(list_to_print) % total_columns != 0 else total_rows

    format_string = "".join(["{%d:<%ds}" % (c, column_width) \
            for c in range(total_columns)])
    for row in range(total_rows):
        column_items = []
        for column in range(total_columns):
            # top-down order
            list_index = row + column*total_rows
            # left-right order
            #list_index = row*total_columns + column
            if list_index < len(list_to_print):
                column_items.append(list_to_print[list_index])
            else:
                column_items.append("")
        print(format_string.format(*column_items))